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Campus green spaces as refuges for biodiversity in the rapidly urbanising Himalayan landscape

Sailendra Dewan

BioConserve
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30 July 2026

As the urban Himalayan town expands into forests and nearby agricultural land, much of the region’s biodiversity is now confined to small and fragmented green spaces within urban areas. These patches, although small, provide essential ecosystem services to the citizens, support regional biodiversity and regulate local climate. Among these spaces, college and school campuses stand out as some of the most overlooked yet valuable conservation assets. With mature trees, flowering plants, hedgerows, experimental gardens and small water bodies, campuses provide structurally diverse habitats in otherwise built-up landscapes. For instance, in Gangtok, Sikkim alone, campus surveys have recorded between 29 and 59 butterfly species in a single survey, contributing significantly to Sikkim’s known butterfly diversity.

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